![]() ![]() The recently-discovered Phoenix cluster harbors the most star-forming central cluster galaxy of any cluster in the known Universe, by nearly a factor of 10. (3 data files).ĭistant Galaxy Clusters Hosting Extreme Central Galaxies A total of 174 molecular clouds (MCs) were identified, of which 168 MCs probably lie in the Extreme Outer Galaxy (EOG) region. The molecular lines of 12CO(J=1-0) in the upper sideband, and 13CO(J=1-0) and C18O(J=1-0) in the lower sideband were observed simultaneously. The observations in the Galactic range of 34.75°<=l<=45.25° and -5.25°<=b<=5.25° were conducted during 2011 November to 2015 March using the 13.7m millimeter-wavelength telescope of the Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO) in Delingha, China. of MCs in the Extreme Outer Galaxy region (Sun+, 2017) The warp traced by CO emission is very obvious in the EOG region and its amplitude is consistent with the predictions by other warp models using different tracers, such as dust, H i, and stellar components of our Galaxy.« less The mean thickness of the gaseous disk is about 1.Â☄5 or 450 pc, and the scale height is about 1.Â☂7, or 400 pc above the b  = 0° plane. A total of 168 molecular clouds (MCs) are identified within the Extreme Outer Galaxy (EOG) region, and 31 of these MCs are associated with, which is about one magnitude lower than that of the Outer arm. We present the results of an unbiased CO survey in the Galactic range of 34.Â☇5 ≤ l  ≤ 45.Â☂5 and −5.Â☂5 ≤ b  ≤ 5.Â☂5, and the velocity range beyond the Outer arm. Molecular Clouds in the Extreme Outer Galaxy between l  = 34.Â☇5 to 45.Â☂5 Finally, we identify unique features in individual galaxies, such as extended tidal features in Sex A and Sag DIG and a central concentration of AGB stars in the inner regions of NGC 185 and NGC 147. Theories of structure formation in dwarf galaxies must account for the lack of radial gradients in intermediate-age populations and the presence of these stars in the outer extremities of dwarfs. Variable AGB stars are detected in the outer extremities of the galaxies, indicating that chemical enrichment from these dust-producing stars may occur in the outer regions of galaxies with some frequency. The intermediate-age and old stars are well mixed in two-thirds of the sample, with no evidence of a gradient in the ratio of the intermediate-age to old stellar populations outside the central Ëœ1‧-2‧. ![]() Unlike the constant TRGB in the I band, at 3.6 μm, the TRGB magnitude varies by Ëœ0.7 mag, making it unreliable as a distance indicator. Using complementary optical imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope, we identify the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) in the 3.6 μm photometry, separating thermally pulsating asymptotic giant branch stars from the larger red giant branch populations. We have traced the spatial distributions of intermediate-age and old stars in nine dwarf galaxies in the distant parts of the Local Group, using multi-epoch 3.6 and 4.5 μm data from the DUST in Nearby Galaxies with Spitzer (DUSTiNGS) survey. Distribution of Intermediate-age and Old Stellar Populations in Disks and Outer Extremities of Dwarf Galaxies Ultimately, we hope to learn more about the outermost galaxy, where disc and halo blend.ĭUSTiNGS. Increased knowledge concerning the kinematics of these galaxies will tighten the constraints on mass models, and shed light on the properties of dark matter. ![]() We expect to detect Hα regions far beyond their nuclei and into the extreme outer disc, for which we will then obtain radial velocities. We propose to obtain ultra-deep Hα images (in the rest frame of the galaxy) for UGC 2885 and NGC 801, two extremely large Sc galaxies. Because the composition of dark matter remains unknown, it is important to devise observations that will help to constrain its properties. Most often, the velocities are obtained as part of large surveys, where the effort is made to obtain many rotation curves, rather than to extend a rotation curve as far as possible. Little is known about the kinematics of galaxies far beyond the relatively bright regions sampled in radio or optical radial velocity studies. ![]() A Search for H(alpha) Emission in the Far Outer Discs of Extremely Large Spiral Galaxies ![]()
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